arendszer

Arendszer is a term occasionally found in Hungarian-language texts referring to the body's circulatory system, particularly the arterial network. It is not a standard term in contemporary medical nomenclature; in most official sources the system is called the keringési rendszer or érhálózat. When used, arendszer generally connotes the network of vessels that transports blood from the heart to the tissues and back.

Anatomy: The arendszer comprises arteries and arterioles that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, the capillary beds where gas exchange occurs, and the venous system that returns blood to the heart. Major components include the aorta and its branches, the arterial tree of organs, the pulmonary arteries for gas exchange in the lungs, and the venous return via veins and the vena cavae. The system works in close coordination with the heart and lungs to create a closed circuit.

Function: Its primary role is to supply tissues with oxygen and nutrients, remove carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes, regulate body temperature, and support immune and endocrine transport.

Regulation and development: Arterial tone is controlled by the autonomic nervous system and local chemical mediators that preserve blood flow through autoregulation. During development, the arendszer forms through embryonic vasculogenesis and subsequent angiogenesis, remodeling as tissues grow.

Clinical relevance: Disorders such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, aneurysms, and thromboembolism involve the arendszer. Diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurement, Doppler ultrasound, echocardiography, and angiography with CT or MRI.

Terminology note: For clarity, medical texts typically distinguish between arterial and venous components; "arendszer" should be interpreted in context.