antiwar

Antiwar refers to opposition to war as a policy instrument of states, as well as to specific wars or military campaigns. It encompasses individuals, groups, and movements that advocate peaceful settlement, diplomacy, disarmament, and respect for international law and human rights.

Historically, antiwar sentiment has roots in pacifist and religious traditions, such as Quaker nonviolence, Christian pacifism, and Buddhist ethics. In the modern era, antiwar activism gained prominence during World War I and Vietnam, and continues in protests around conflicts and peace initiatives.

Common tactics include public demonstrations, civil disobedience, advocacy for negotiations and multilateral diplomacy, sanctions, and humanitarian aid. Organizations often work through grassroots mobilization, think tanks, and international networks to influence policy, promote arms control, and raise awareness of civilian suffering.

Antiwar positions are debated. Critics argue that opposition to war can hinder collective security, allow aggressors to escape accountability, or obstruct humanitarian intervention. Proponents emphasize moral and legal constraints on violence, the potential for peaceful conflict resolution, and the protection of civilians.

Impact varies by context, but antiwar activism has shaped public opinion, influenced peace processes, and contributed to treaties and norms against certain weapons or campaigns. Related concepts include pacifism, nonviolence, conscientious objection, and humanitarian intervention debates.