antismoking

Antismoking refers to organized public health efforts aimed at reducing tobacco use and exposure to tobacco smoke. It encompasses strategies to prevent people from starting to smoke, to help current smokers quit, and to minimize voluntary and involuntary exposure to tobacco-related harm. The field includes policy measures, clinical cessation support, educational campaigns, and environmental controls designed to reduce the social and economic costs of tobacco use.

Historically, antismoking movements grew from mounting scientific evidence about the health risks of smoking in the 20th century. Key milestones include landmark research and public health notices in the mid-20th century and international action such as the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2003. Many countries have since adopted comprehensive tobacco control programs aligned with global guidance, while adapting them to local contexts.

Common strategies include fiscal measures (taxation and price increases), advertising and sponsorship bans, plain packaging and strong health warnings, and restrictions on sales to minors. Environment and consumer protection measures, such as smoke-free laws in workplaces and public spaces, reduce secondhand exposure. In addition, antismoking programs provide cessation support through quitlines, pharmacotherapy, counseling, and public education campaigns to change social norms around tobacco use.

Impact varies by region but has contributed to declines in smoking prevalence and reductions in exposure to secondhand smoke in many settings. Challenges remain, including addressing disparities in access to cessation services, preventing illicit trade, and navigating debates over harm reduction and the role of alternatives such as electronic nicotine delivery systems.