antenniverkkoyhdistelmät

Antenniverkko (antenna network) is a system of antennas and related equipment used to transmit and receive radio signals over a geographic area. The network can be fixed or mobile and is used in broadcasting, telecommunications, and data networks. It includes distributed antenna systems (DAS), cellular base stations, wireless local area networks (WLAN), mesh networks, and satellite ground segments. The purpose is to maximize coverage, capacity, and reliability while managing interference and power use.

Components include antennas, feeders (coaxial or fiber), combiners and splitters, RF amplifiers or power amplifiers, transceivers or baseband units, controllers and software, and mounting hardware. The system is connected to backhaul networks that carry traffic to and from core networks.

Types: In cellular networks, antenna arrays and small cells form dense networks for high capacity. DAS distributes signals within buildings or campuses. WLANs rely on access points connected to a backhaul. Satellite antenna networks use large dish antennas and transceivers. In mesh networks, nodes relay traffic for redundancy.

Design considerations include frequency bands, polarization, impedance matching, beamforming and MIMO, path loss, and environmental factors. RF safety and regulatory compliance (licensing, emission limits) are important. Maintenance and monitoring rely on network management software to adjust power, angles, and handover parameters.