antecubitalis

Antecubitalis refers to the antecubital region, the anterior aspect of the elbow. In anatomy, this area is most often described as the antecubital fossa, a shallow depression formed by surrounding muscles and tendons. Its superior border is a line between the medial and lateral epicondyles; medially lies the pronator teres, laterally the brachioradialis; the floor is formed by the brachialis and supinator, with the roof consisting of the bicipital aponeurosis and deep fascia. The region houses important neurovascular structures and serves as a standard access point in clinical procedures.

Contents within the fossa are arranged from lateral to medial as the biceps brachii tendon, the terminal part of the brachial artery (where it typically bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries), and the median nerve. The radial nerve courses along the lateral margin and divides into superficial and deep branches near the lateral border. Superficially, the median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins and is commonly used for venipuncture or peripheral intravenous access, making the antecubital region a frequent site for vascular procedures.

Clinically, the antecubitalis region is significant for venipuncture, venous access, and regional anesthesia considerations. It is also a landmark in elbow examinations and procedures, where awareness of the underlying course of the median nerve, brachial artery, and radial nerve helps minimize iatrogenic injury. Variations in anatomy can alter the exact relationships of these structures within the fossa.

Etymology: antecubitalis is the Latin adjective meaning “of the antecubital region.” In English medical terminology, the area is commonly referred to as the antecubital fossa.