alsike

Alsike, in the context of botany, refers to alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum), a perennial legume in the pea family. The common name derives from Alsike, a locality in Sweden. The plant is native to northern Europe and has been widely cultivated as a forage species in temperate regions.

Description and ecology: Alsike clover forms low-growing tufts with trifoliate leaves and small pinkish to white flowers arranged in compact spikes. It tolerates cool, damp soils and is commonly found in pastures, hay meadows, and moist banks. It is valued for its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, contributing to soil fertility, and is often used in seed mixtures with grasses or other legumes. While relatively persistent in suitable conditions, it can be outcompeted in drought-prone or poorly drained sites.

Agricultural use: As a forage crop, alsike clover provides grazing and hay forage for livestock and is used in mixed pastures to improve protein content and nutrient balance. It is favored in cooler, wetter areas where other clovers may struggle, though its performance can vary with soil fertility and moisture.

Toxicity and safety: Alsike clover has been linked to liver damage and photosensitivity in horses, a condition known as alsike poisoning. Such cases are uncommon and typically associated with specific grazing circumstances or contaminated forage. The exact toxin and mechanism are not fully understood, so pasture management and monitoring are important considerations in regions where the plant is grown.

See also: plant-based forages, clover species.