alphadione

Alphadione, also known as Alfaxalone, is a neuroactive steroid anesthetic. It belongs to the class of drugs known as steroid anesthetics, which are structurally similar to progesterone. Alphadione was first synthesized in the 1960s. It acts primarily by potentiating the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, leading to central nervous system depression and anesthetic effects.

Alphadione is primarily used in veterinary medicine as an injectable anesthetic for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. It is often used in combination with other agents to provide a balanced anesthetic plane. Its rapid onset of action and relatively smooth recovery are considered advantageous. It can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. Common side effects in animals can include respiratory depression, cardiovascular effects such as hypotension, and transient muscle tremors. It is generally considered to have a wide safety margin when used appropriately by trained professionals. Alphadione is not approved for human use. Its unique pharmacological profile and efficacy have made it a valuable tool in veterinary anesthesia.