allergitest

Allergitest is a term used to describe a medical evaluation aimed at identifying substances that provoke allergic reactions in an individual. It encompasses a range of diagnostic approaches, including skin-based testing, blood tests for allergen-specific antibodies, and supervised exposure challenges. The choice of test depends on the patient’s history, age, and the suspected allergens.

Skin tests are common, particularly skin prick tests and intradermal tests. In a prick test, tiny amounts of suspected allergens are placed on the skin, then the surface is lightly pricked. Reactions are read after about 15 to 20 minutes; a wheal-and-flare response suggests sensitization. Patch testing is used to diagnose contact dermatitis and involves applying allergens to the back or arm for 48 hours to observe delayed reactions.

Blood tests measure specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to particular allergens. They are useful when skin testing is unsuitable or when a broad panel is needed. The results are reported as concentrations, with interpretation depending on age and clinical history.

Oral food challenges, performed under medical supervision, are considered the definitive method for diagnosing food allergies. They involve controlled ingestion of suspected foods and careful monitoring for symptoms.

Results must be interpreted in the context of the patient’s history. A positive test indicates sensitization but does not always equal a clinical allergy; conversely, a negative result does not completely rule out allergy in some cases. Tests can yield false positives or negatives, and some conditions may affect accuracy.

Potential risks are generally low but can include localized skin reactions and, rarely, systemic reactions. Patch tests can irritate skin, and oral challenges require monitoring for risk of reactions.

Allergitest assessments are typically conducted by allergists or immunologists in clinics or laboratories. Management after testing focuses on allergen avoidance, education, medications for symptoms, and, in selected cases, immunotherapy.