alkynider
Alkynider, or alkynes in English, are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of at least one carbon‑carbon triple bond. The simplest alkyne is acetylene (ethyne), C2H2, which contains a triple bond between the two carbon atoms. In general, alkynes have the molecular formula CnH2n−2, indicating that each triple bond eliminates two hydrogen atoms compared to the corresponding alkane. The triple bond consists of one sigma and two pi bonds, giving alkynes a linear geometry around the bonded carbons with bond angles of approximately 180°. This geometry also accounts for the reactivity of the pi bonds in alkynes toward electrophilic addition reactions.
Alkynes can be synthesized by several routes, including dehydrohalogenation of vicinal dihalides, elimination reactions of haloalkanes,
Because of their high bond order and linear shape, alkynes exhibit distinct physical properties: they are usually