akryle

Akryle is a term used in several languages to denote acrylic resins and related polymers derived from acrylate and methacrylate monomers. In industrial contexts, akryle may refer to a family of polymers including polyacrylates and polymethacrylates that can be formed into thermoplastic or thermosetting materials. The term is commonly encountered in coatings, adhesives, and optical applications, but its exact meaning can vary by country and field.

Chemistry and production: Akryle polymers are produced by free-radical polymerization of acrylate or methacrylate monomers, such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, or methyl methacrylate. Emulsion, solution, and bulk polymerization routes are used. Additives like crosslinkers, plasticizers, stabilizers, and surfactants tailor properties such as hardness, flexibility, and weather resistance.

Properties and applications: Acrylic-based polymers are typically clear, weather resistant, and adhere well to many substrates. They are used in paints and varnishes, architectural coatings, automotive finishes, adhesives, textiles finishes, and electronics photoresists. PMMA, the common acrylic glass, is a notable thermoplastic derived from the same family.

Safety and environmental aspects: Many acrylates are irritants and sensitizers. Handling requires proper ventilation and protective equipment. Monomers are flammable and can polymerize spontaneously in presence of inhibitors; waste streams require appropriate treatment.

History and terminology: The use of 'akryle' as a term reflects transliteration in some languages; together with 'acrylate' and 'acrylic resin' it designates a broad class of materials developed in the early to mid-20th century and widely expanded since then.