afvaldepot

An afvaldepot, often translated as waste depot or landfill, is a designated site where solid waste is disposed of. Historically, these sites were often simple holes in the ground, but modern afvaldepots are engineered facilities designed to manage waste and minimize its environmental impact. They typically involve a system of lining the base with impermeable materials to prevent leachate, a toxic liquid formed when waste decomposes, from contaminating groundwater.

Waste is deposited in layers within the afvaldepot and compacted to reduce its volume. As each layer is covered, soil or other inert materials are used as daily cover. This helps to control odors, deter pests, and prevent wind from scattering light waste. Over time, multiple layers are built up, forming a mound.

Advanced afvaldepots incorporate leachate collection systems, which pipe the liquid to treatment facilities. Gas collection systems are also common, capturing methane produced by decomposition. This captured gas can sometimes be used to generate energy. Monitoring wells are installed around the perimeter to detect any potential leaks.

The long-term management of an afvaldepot is crucial. Once a section or the entire site is filled to capacity, it is capped with a final impermeable layer and a vegetative cover. This post-closure period requires ongoing monitoring of leachate and gas production, as well as maintenance of the cap. The goal is to ensure the site remains stable and environmentally sound for many years after it has ceased receiving waste.