affidavit

An affidavit is a written, sworn statement of facts used as evidence in legal proceedings and other official matters. It is prepared by a person with knowledge of the facts and, after being sworn or affirmed, can be submitted to support motions, verify documents, or establish information when live testimony is impractical.

A typical affidavit includes the affiant’s name and address, a narrative of facts known to the affiant, a statement that the facts are true to the affiant’s knowledge, and a jurat or affirmation by an authorized official such as a notary public. The affiant signs, dates, and the oath is administered in person, often in the presence of the official.

Affidavits are subject to evidentiary rules and local procedures. Statements should be based on personal knowledge; opinions or hearsay are generally limited unless they fit recognized exceptions. Because affidavits are sworn, making false statements can carry perjury penalties. They are distinct from depositions or live testimony, and may be challenged for credibility or supplemented by direct testimony in court.