adjuvanticity
Adjuvanticity is the property of a substance or formulation to enhance the immune response to an antigen, most commonly in vaccines. An adjuvant with high adjuvanticity can increase the magnitude and durability of antibody responses and may influence T cell responses and humoral quality. Adjuvanticity is context dependent, varying with the antigen, the host, the route of administration, and the dose. In research and clinical contexts, it is assessed by comparing immune outcomes with and without the adjuvant, across various species and, when possible, in humans.
Mechanistically, adjuvants act by activating innate immune pathways that shape adaptive immunity. They may stimulate pattern
Common adjuvants include aluminum salts, oil-in-water emulsions, liposomes, saponins, and purified toll-like receptor agonists such as