acromioclaviculaires

The acromioclaviculaires refers to structures and conditions associated with the acromioclavicular joint, the articulation between the acromion of the scapula and the clavicle. The joint is stabilized by a capsule, the acromioclavicular ligament, and the coracoclavicular ligaments, which include the conoid and trapezoid portions. Together, these ligaments keep the clavicle at a stable height over the shoulder.

The joint allows small gliding movements that are essential for the full range of motion of the shoulder girdle. It also transfers forces from the arm to the axial skeleton. Because of its location, the acromioclavicular joint is susceptible to wear and injury, especially in athletes who perform repetitive overhead motions or in occupations involving heavy lifting.

Common disorders include acromioclavicular joint arthrosis, which is a degenerative change that produces pain and restricted motion, and acute subluxation or dislocation, typically produced by a direct blow to the shoulder or a fall onto the acromion. Diagnosis is made by physical examination, including the use of the thumbnail test and palpation of the joint, and confirmed with radiography. In more severe cases, magnetic resonance imaging may be employed to evaluate ligamentous injury and intraarticular structures.

Treatment depends on the severity and chronicity of the condition. Conservative measures such as rest, nonsteroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and corticosteroid injections are first line for arthrosis and mild instability. Surgical options, such as arthroscopic removal of loose bodies, open joint debridement, or reconstruction of ligaments, are reserved for irreparable instability, significant articular damage, or failure of non‑operative management. Rehabilitation after surgery typically focuses on restoring range of motion, strengthening the rotator cuff and scapular stabilizers, and gradually progressing to functional activities.