Zöldsávok

Zöldsávok, often translated as green belts, are urban planning and environmental conservation strategies that designate undeveloped land around cities for preservation. These areas are typically protected from commercial and residential development, serving multiple ecological and social purposes. The primary goal is to maintain natural landscapes, prevent urban sprawl, and provide ecological corridors for wildlife.

The concept of green belts originated in the early 20th century, with Ebenezer Howard's Garden City movement influencing early designs. Major cities like London have long-established green belts that have successfully limited outward expansion and preserved significant tracts of countryside. These zones can encompass a variety of land uses, including farmland, forests, parks, and recreational areas.

Ecologically, green belts contribute to biodiversity by offering habitats for various species and facilitating their movement between larger natural areas. They also play a role in mitigating the urban heat island effect and improving air and water quality through natural filtration and absorption. Socially, green belts provide residents with access to open spaces for recreation, relaxation, and connection with nature, enhancing the quality of life in urban environments.

However, the implementation and management of green belts can be complex. Debates often arise regarding the balance between development pressures and conservation goals, as well as the economic implications of restricting land use. Effective planning requires careful consideration of local context, community needs, and long-term sustainability.