Zsírsejt

Zsírsejt is the Hungarian term for adipocyte, a cell that primarily constitutes adipose tissue. Adipocytes are specialized for storing energy in the form of fat, though they also play roles in metabolism and hormone production. These cells are roughly spherical and can vary significantly in size depending on their lipid content. Within a mature adipocyte, a large droplet of triglyceride occupies most of the cell's volume, pushing the nucleus and cytoplasm to the periphery.

There are two main types of adipocytes: white adipocytes and brown adipocytes. White adipocytes are the most abundant and their primary function is energy storage. They store triglycerides, which are released as fatty acids when the body needs energy. White adipose tissue is found throughout the body and plays a role in insulation and cushioning organs. Brown adipocytes, on the other hand, are specialized for thermogenesis, the generation of heat. They contain numerous small lipid droplets and a high density of mitochondria, which are responsible for their characteristic brown color and their ability to burn fat for heat production. This type of adipocyte is particularly important in newborns and hibernating animals.

The development and function of zsírsejtek are influenced by various factors, including genetics, diet, and hormones. They are dynamic cells, capable of both accumulating and releasing fat in response to metabolic signals. Their role extends beyond simple energy storage, as they also secrete hormones and signaling molecules known as adipokines, which can affect appetite, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation.