Zn2zouten

Zn2zouten is Dutch for zinc(II) salts, compounds that contain the zinc cation Zn2+ paired with various anions. The general formula is ZnX2, where X− is anions such as Cl−, NO3−, SO4^2−, C2H3O2−, CO3^2−, or S2−. In aqueous solution, Zn2+ forms the hexaaquazinc ion [Zn(H2O)6]2+, and its chemistry is influenced by pH and the coordinating anions. Some zinc salts are highly soluble, while others are sparingly soluble or insoluble.

Common examples of Zn2zouten include zinc chloride (ZnCl2), zinc sulfate (ZnSO4), zinc nitrate (Zn(NO3)2), zinc acetate (Zn(OAc)2), and zinc carbonate (ZnCO3). Solubility varies: ZnCl2 and ZnSO4 are typically very soluble in water, whereas ZnCO3 and ZnS are largely insoluble. Zinc sulfate heptahydrate is especially important as a dietary supplement and micronutrient in agriculture.

Preparation often involves reacting zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, or elemental zinc with suitable acids, or by neutralizing zinc bases with acids. Examples: ZnO + 2 HCl → ZnCl2 + H2O; ZnCO3 + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + CO2 + H2O. Some salts can also be prepared by metathesis from other zinc salts.

Applications of Zn2zouten are diverse. They are used in nutrition and agriculture to supply zinc, in chemistry as catalysts and reagents, in electroplating and corrosion protection, and as precursors for zinc oxide and various zinc-containing materials.

Safety considerations depend on the specific salt. Zinc salts are generally of low to moderate toxicity, with exposure to dust or ingestion requiring appropriate precautions. Some zinc salts and especially zinc cyanide can be hazardous, so handling should follow standard safety guidelines.