Zenertörésre

Zenertörésre is a term that describes the breakdown voltage of a Zener diode. When a voltage exceeding the Zener voltage is applied across the diode in reverse bias, it allows current to flow in the reverse direction. This phenomenon is known as Zener breakdown. The Zener voltage is a specific voltage at which this breakdown occurs, and it is a critical parameter for Zener diodes, as it determines their voltage regulation capabilities. Zener diodes are specifically designed to operate in this breakdown region, making them useful for voltage regulation and reference applications. The precise Zener voltage of a diode is determined by the doping concentration of the semiconductor material used in its construction. Higher doping concentrations lead to lower Zener voltages. The breakdown mechanism can occur through two primary processes: Zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown. Zener breakdown occurs in diodes with lower Zener voltages (typically below 5.6V) and is a quantum mechanical tunneling effect. Avalanche breakdown occurs in diodes with higher Zener voltages and involves the acceleration of charge carriers, which then collide with the crystal lattice, creating more charge carriers in a chain reaction. While both mechanisms lead to current flow in reverse bias, the Zener effect is the dominant mechanism for diodes designed for voltage regulation below approximately 5.6 volts.