Zeitvertragstätigkeiten

Zeitvertragstätigkeiten refers to work performed under a fixed-term employment contract in Germany. These contracts specify an end date from the outset, unlike open-ended contracts which have no predetermined termination. The use of fixed-term contracts is regulated by the German Part-Time and Fixed-Term Employment Act (Teilzeit- und Befristungsgesetz).

There are two primary types of fixed-term contracts: those with a material justification (sachgrundlose Befristung) and those with a factual justification (mit Sachgrund befristete Arbeitsverträge). Sachgrundlose Befristungen are permitted for up to two years and can be extended up to three times within that period. However, prior employment with the same employer for more than two years generally prohibits a sachgrundlose Befristung.

Contracts with a factual justification can be extended beyond two years and multiple times, provided a valid reason exists. Examples of such justifications include covering for an employee on parental leave, seasonal work, or projects with a defined duration.

Fixed-term contracts offer flexibility for both employers and employees but are subject to legal limitations to prevent their overuse and ensure fair treatment of temporary workers. Employees on fixed-term contracts generally have the same rights as permanent employees regarding vacation, sick pay, and protection against dismissal, although the end date is known.

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