Ytterörainfektioner

Ytterörainfektioner refers to infections affecting the outer ear canal, also known as otitis externa. These infections are commonly caused by bacteria or fungi, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus being frequent bacterial culprits, and Aspergillus species often implicated in fungal infections.

Factors that can predispose an individual to developing an ytterörainfektion include excessive moisture in the ear canal, which can be due to swimming, high humidity, or even excessive earwax. Trauma to the ear canal, such as from scratching with fingernails or cotton swabs, can also create entry points for pathogens. Certain skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis can also increase susceptibility.

Symptoms of ytterörainfektion typically include itching in the ear canal, pain that may worsen when the ear is touched or pulled, redness and swelling of the ear canal, and sometimes a discharge or fluid leakage from the ear. Hearing may be temporarily affected if the swelling significantly obstructs the ear canal.

Diagnosis is usually made based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination of the ear. In some cases, a swab of the discharge may be taken for laboratory analysis to identify the specific causative organism and guide treatment.

Treatment for ytterörainfektion usually involves cleaning the ear canal to remove debris and discharge, followed by the application of topical antimicrobial ear drops. These drops may contain antibiotics to combat bacterial infections or antifungal agents for fungal infections. Pain relief medication may also be recommended. In more severe cases, oral antibiotics or antifungals might be prescribed. Prevention strategies focus on keeping the ears dry, avoiding trauma to the ear canal, and managing underlying skin conditions.