Ympäristöarviointiprosessiin

Ympäristöarviointiprosessi, often referred to as EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment), is a systematic process used to evaluate the potential environmental consequences of a proposed project before a decision is made on its approval. This process aims to ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into the planning and decision-making stages of development. The goal is to identify, predict, and assess the likely environmental impacts of a project and to propose measures to mitigate or avoid adverse effects.

The EIA process typically involves several stages. It begins with the screening of the project to determine if an EIA is required. This is followed by scoping, where the key environmental issues and the extent of the assessment are identified. An environmental impact statement (EIS) or report is then prepared, detailing the potential impacts on various environmental components such as air quality, water resources, biodiversity, soil, noise levels, and cultural heritage. This report also outlines proposed mitigation measures.

Subsequently, the EIS is made available for public consultation, allowing stakeholders, including the public, NGOs, and other government agencies, to provide comments and feedback. The competent authority then reviews the EIS and the public comments before making a decision on whether to approve the project and under what conditions. The EIA process can also include monitoring of the project's environmental performance during its implementation and operation. The specific requirements and procedures for EIA can vary by country and jurisdiction, but the fundamental objective remains to promote sustainable development by considering environmental protection alongside economic and social factors.