Xanthinebased
Xanthine-based compounds are a class of naturally occurring organic substances derived from the purine nucleotide structure. They are widely distributed in plants, fungi, and some animals, where they serve various physiological roles. The most well-known xanthine derivatives include caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline, which are commonly found in beverages like coffee, tea, and cocoa.
Xanthines are characterized by a fused bicyclic structure containing a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole
Caffeine, the most widely consumed xanthine, is a central nervous system stimulant that enhances alertness and
Xanthines are metabolized in the liver through enzymatic processes, primarily by cytochrome P450 enzymes, which convert
In addition to their natural occurrence, xanthines are synthetically produced for medicinal use. They are studied