WLL

WLL, typically written for Working Load Limit, is a term used in rigging and lifting equipment to denote the maximum load that may be applied to a piece of gear during normal operation. It is specified by the manufacturer and derived from the equipment's test results and applicable safety standards. The WLL is usually less than the breaking strength and is intended to provide a margin of safety; common practice uses a safety factor that yields the WLL (for example, breaking strength divided by the factor). WLL is marked on tags and should never be exceeded; dynamic loads, angles, and wear can reduce the effective WLL. Regular inspection and adherence to load ratings are required by many regulations.

WLL also stands for Wireless Local Loop, a fixed wireless access technology used to provide the last mile connection between a subscriber and the telephone network or data network. It uses radio links between a base station and customer premises equipment, often in rural or suburban settings where wired access is impractical. WLL networks can be point-to-point or multipoint and may operate on licensed or unlicensed bands. They enable voice and data services and have been deployed with various technologies, including early fixed wireless access systems and later IP-based solutions. Advantages include rapid deployment and reduced civil works; limitations include spectrum availability, line-of-sight requirements, and potential interference.