Vérátömlesztés

Vérátömlesztés, often translated as blood transfusion, is a medical procedure that involves the administration of blood or blood products from one person to another. This process is a vital component of modern medicine, used to treat a wide range of conditions and injuries. The primary purpose of a blood transfusion is to restore lost blood volume, increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, or to provide specific blood components that a patient may be deficient in.

There are several types of blood transfusions. Whole blood transfusions are less common today and are typically reserved for massive blood loss. More frequently, transfusions involve specific blood components such as red blood cells, which are used to treat anemia and improve oxygen delivery; platelets, essential for blood clotting and used in patients with low platelet counts or bleeding disorders; and plasma, which contains clotting factors and is used to treat bleeding or clotting problems. Cryoprecipitate, a concentrated form of certain plasma proteins, is another component that may be transfused.

Before a transfusion, meticulous compatibility testing is performed. This involves matching the blood type of the donor and recipient to prevent potentially dangerous transfusion reactions. Blood types are classified based on the ABO system and the Rh factor. Transfusion reactions, though rare, can occur and may manifest as fever, chills, allergic reactions, or more severe complications. Therefore, patients are closely monitored during and after the transfusion. Blood transfusions are a life-saving intervention, crucial for surgeries, trauma care, and the management of chronic illnesses.