Våtmiljöer

Våtmiljöer are natural or artificial environments characterized by the presence of water for extended periods. These can range from shallow wetlands to deep aquatic ecosystems. In a natural context, våtmiljöer include areas like bogs, fens, marshes, swamps, and lakes. These environments are crucial for biodiversity, supporting a wide array of plant and animal life adapted to saturated conditions. They also play vital roles in water purification, flood control, and carbon sequestration.

Artificial våtmiljöer can include constructed wetlands, ponds, and agricultural drainage systems. These are often created for specific purposes such as wastewater treatment, stormwater management, or habitat creation. The hydrological conditions, such as water depth, flow rate, and saturation levels, are key defining features of any våtmiljö. The soil in these areas is typically waterlogged, leading to anaerobic conditions that influence nutrient cycling and microbial activity. Understanding våtmiljöer is important for ecological conservation, land management, and sustainable water resource utilization. They represent a significant interface between terrestrial and aquatic systems, with unique ecological processes and services.