Väliintulot

Väliintulot, or foreign direct investment (FDI), refers to the investment made by a firm or individual in one country into business interests located in another country. This type of investment involves the acquisition of a lasting management interest in the enterprise of the host country. FDI can take various forms, including the establishment of new facilities, the acquisition of existing companies, or the development of new products or services.

FDI plays a significant role in the global economy, contributing to economic growth, job creation, and technological transfer. It can also lead to the transfer of knowledge, skills, and best practices from the investing country to the host country. However, FDI can also have negative impacts, such as job displacement in the host country, increased competition for local firms, and potential negative spillover effects on the local economy.

The flow of FDI is influenced by a variety of factors, including economic conditions, political stability, trade policies, and the availability of skilled labor. Countries often implement policies to attract FDI, such as offering tax incentives, providing infrastructure support, or implementing favorable trade agreements. Conversely, countries may also implement policies to restrict FDI, such as through nationalization of foreign-owned assets or imposing restrictions on foreign ownership of certain industries.

The measurement and analysis of FDI are crucial for understanding its impact on the global economy. Various indicators, such as the Foreign Direct Investment Net Inflow and the Foreign Direct Investment Outflow, are used to track the flow of FDI between countries. Additionally, studies and reports are conducted to assess the economic, social, and environmental impacts of FDI on both the investing and host countries.