Väliajoint

Väliajoint is a term encountered in Estonian medical literature to describe structures, processes, or pathology situated outside the joint capsule that can affect the function or symptoms of a nearby joint. In this usage, the focus is on tissues and conditions adjacent to, but not inside, the joint cavity. The prefix väl- means outside, and ajoint relates to a joint; the concept corresponds to the English term extrajoint or extra-articular.

Common examples include bursitis near a joint, tendonitis of periarticular tendons, ligament injuries adjacent to the joint, and periarticular masses. Väliajoint pathology often presents with localized pain and swelling near the joint with little or no involvement of the joint capsule or synovium.

Diagnosis involves clinical examination and imaging to distinguish from intra-articular disease. Ultrasound and MRI are useful to assess periarticular soft tissues; X-ray can help evaluate bone structures. Laboratory tests may be used if inflammatory or infectious etiologies are suspected.

Treatment depends on the underlying condition and may include rest, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, injections for periarticular inflammation, or surgical removal of masses when conservative measures fail.

In English-language medicine, the closest equivalent concept is extrarticular or extra-articular pathology. Väliajoint serves as a regional descriptor for conditions originating outside the joint capsule that can influence joint health or function.