Votes
Votes are formal expressions of preference by individuals in a decision-making process. In democratic systems, votes are used to elect representatives, approve laws, or decide public policy through referendums or citizen initiatives. A vote can be cast in various ways, including secret ballots, voice votes, or electronic systems. The secret ballot is designed to protect voters from coercion and vote-buying.
Eligibility and franchise: Voting rights are defined by law and may be limited by age, citizenship, residency,
Voting methods: Elections may use plurality systems (most votes wins) or majority systems (50%+1), as well as
Counting and results: After polls close, ballots are counted and results certified. In many places, results
Challenges and controversies: Common issues include unequal access to polling places, voter suppression, misinformation, and concerns
Impact: Votes determine who holds power, what policies are pursued, and how responsive governments are to citizens.