Vortoj

Vortoj is the plural form of vorto in Esperanto and refers to words in general. In linguistics, a word is a basic unit of language that carries meaning and can function as a separate unit in speech and writing. Words are typically separated by spaces in written text and can be inflected or derived to express different grammatical functions and lexical nuances.

In Esperanto, the word-formation system is regular and affix-based. Nouns end in -o and form plurals with -j (vorto → vortoj). Adjectives end in -a and take -aj for the plural (bonaj vortoj). Verbs end in -i in the infinitive, with tense and aspect shown by endings such as -as (present), -is (past), -os (future). Adverbs typically end in -e. The definite article la precedes a noun; there is no indefinite article. Esperanto has no grammatical gender, and word order is relatively flexible, guided by particles and function words rather than by noun declension.

Words can be created by combining roots with affixes to express related meanings. From the root vort- one can form vorto (a word) and vortaro (a dictionary), among others. The concept of vortoj thus covers the entire lexicon and the everyday words used to build phrases and sentences.