Vorausverfügungen

Vorausverfügungen, also known as advance directives or living wills, are legal documents that allow individuals to state their wishes regarding medical treatment and care in the event they become unable to communicate their decisions. These documents are typically used when a person is incapacitated due to illness, injury, or cognitive decline. The primary purpose of a Vorausverfügung is to ensure that a person's autonomy and personal values are respected even when they can no longer voice them directly.

There are generally two main types of Vorausverfügungen. One type, often referred to as a healthcare power of attorney or medical proxy, designates a specific person to make healthcare decisions on the individual's behalf. This appointed person is expected to act in accordance with the patient's known wishes or best interests. The second type, often called a living will, directly outlines the types of medical treatments the person does or does not want to receive, such as life-sustaining treatments like mechanical ventilation or artificial hydration and nutrition.

The legal validity and specific requirements for Vorausverfügungen vary significantly by jurisdiction. In many places, they must be in writing and signed by the individual, often in the presence of witnesses. It is advisable to consult with legal or healthcare professionals to ensure that a Vorausverfügung is properly drafted and legally enforceable according to local laws. Regular review and updates of these documents are also recommended to reflect any changes in personal wishes or medical understanding.