Volljährige

Volljährige is the German term used to describe people who have reached the age of majority. Grammatically, it can refer to adult individuals in general (the Volljährigen) and, in the singular, to a female adult (die Volljährige). The term denotes a legal status rather than a biological one.

In German-speaking countries, the age of majority is commonly 18. Upon reaching this age, individuals typically gain full civil capacity: they may exercise political rights such as voting, enter into binding contracts, and be fully responsible for their legal actions. They can make independent medical decisions and are generally subject to adult criminal law. Minors, by contrast, are usually subject to parental authority or guardianship and may face restrictions in certain areas or require consent for specific acts.

The concept of Volljährigkeit also carries social and administrative implications. It marks a transition to adult rights and duties, such as access to higher education without parental consent, eligibility for certain professional licenses, and increased personal responsibility in financial, housing, and employment matters. Some legal provisions and exceptions exist for particular situations (for example, access to certain services or age-specific rules), but the overarching principle is that Volljährige are legally recognized as independent individuals.

Across German-speaking regions, the 18-year threshold for adulthood is largely consistent, though specific rights and regulations can vary by country and context. The term remains a central reference point in law, governance, and everyday discussions about maturity and independence.