Virtsakatetointi

Virtsakatetointi, also known as urinary catheterization, is a medical procedure involving the insertion of a flexible tube called a catheter into the bladder to drain urine. This procedure is typically performed by healthcare professionals when a patient is unable to empty their bladder naturally.

There are several reasons why urinary catheterization may be necessary. These include urinary retention, a condition where the bladder cannot be emptied, which can be caused by enlarged prostate, neurological conditions, or surgery. Catheterization is also used to monitor urine output accurately in critically ill patients, to empty the bladder before or after certain surgical procedures, or to collect sterile urine samples for diagnostic testing. In cases of incontinence, a catheter may be used for management, although other methods are usually preferred.

The procedure itself involves cleaning the area around the urethra and then gently inserting the lubricated catheter. Once urine begins to flow, the catheter is advanced until the bladder is empty. For long-term use, an indwelling catheter is secured in place with a small balloon inflated inside the bladder. Intermittent catheters are removed immediately after the bladder is emptied.

While generally safe, potential complications of urinary catheterization include urinary tract infections, bladder spasms, and discomfort. Proper aseptic technique during insertion and diligent care of the catheter are crucial to minimize these risks. Healthcare providers provide instructions on catheter care for patients who manage their catheters at home.