Verkkoohjauksen

Verkkoohjaus, or network control, refers to the set of processes and technologies used to direct and optimize the operation of a network. It covers data collection, decision making, and actuation to maintain performance criteria such as reliability, efficiency, and safety. Verkkoohjaus is applied to diverse networks, including information networks (telecommunications and data networks), industrial control networks, and electrical grids.

Key components of verkkoohjaus are sensors and actuators, controllers (such as PLCs or RTUs), a communication layer, and control software (examples include SCADA, energy management systems, and distribution management systems). The control loop coordinates monitoring, fault detection, load balancing or traffic management, routing, congestion control, and policy enforcement to keep the network within required parameters.

In power systems, verkkoohjaus is implemented through SCADA-based systems linked to EMS and DMS that supervise generation, transmission, and distribution. In information and industrial networks, it involves network management systems, traffic engineering, fault management, and security enforcement. The common goal across sectors is to integrate real-time data with automated decision making to improve reliability, efficiency, and safety.

Standards and governance play a key role in verkkoohjaus, promoting interoperability and security. In electric networks, standards such as IEC 61850 and IEC 62443 are influential, while IT networks rely on TCP/IP, SNMP, and broader network management frameworks. Security, latency, and interoperability remain ongoing challenges, particularly with legacy equipment and evolving cyber threats. Verkkookahjaus is closely related to network management, SCADA, EMS/DMS systems, and cybersecurity practices.