Valtellina

Valtellina is a valley in Lombardy, northern Italy, lying along the Adda River from Lake Como in the south to the Bernina Pass near Tirano on the Swiss border. It is primarily within the province of Sondrio and comprises both the lower cultivated plain around Morbegno and Sondrio and the upper, steeply terraced areas including Bormio in Alta Valtellina. The region is renowned for wine, but also supports apples, winter tourism and Alpine scenery.

The valley’s landscape features south-facing slopes terraced into vine-covered hillsides framed by dry-stone walls. The climate is a mix of alpine and continental influences, with warm summers aiding grape ripening; altitude and the Adda’s microclimate extend the growing season. These terraces create a mosaic of microclimates that suit Nebbiolo, locally called Chiavennasca.

Nebbiolo-based wines dominate the region, including Valtellina Superiore and the Sforzato di Valtellina (Sfursat), produced from dried grapes. The wine is organized into five main subzones: Sassella, Grumello, Inferno, Valgella, and San Lorenzo. The region also produces apples, and its vineyards and dry-stone walls constitute a significant cultural landscape.

The valley has a long agricultural history, with medieval settlements along the Adda and historic routes across the Alps. The hillside vineyard culture and masonry reflect centuries of terracing and careful land use, contributing to the region’s cultural identity.

Today, wine remains central to the economy, complemented by tourism in winter ski areas such as Bormio and by scenic train routes. The Bernina Express links Tirano with St. Moritz, while roads and rail connect to Milan and Lugano. The Stelvio Pass is a notable nearby route for visitors and locals alike.