Valgustihendeid

Valgustihendeid, often translated as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric current passes through them. They are a type of solid-state lighting technology, meaning they have no filament or vacuum. The light produced is a result of electroluminescence, a process where electrons within the semiconductor material recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. The color of the emitted light depends on the specific semiconductor material used. Early LEDs primarily produced red, green, and yellow light, but advancements in technology have led to the development of LEDs capable of emitting blue, white, and even ultraviolet light. White light is typically achieved by combining red, green, and blue LEDs or by using a blue LED with a phosphor coating that converts the blue light into a broader spectrum.

LEDs are renowned for their energy efficiency, consuming significantly less power than incandescent or fluorescent bulbs for the same light output. They also boast a long lifespan, often lasting tens of thousands of hours, which reduces maintenance and replacement costs. Their small size and durability make them versatile for a wide range of applications, from indicator lights on electronic devices to general illumination in homes and businesses, automotive lighting, and even display screens. The development of high-brightness LEDs has further expanded their use in outdoor lighting and demanding environments.