Vacuumbrytare

Vacuumbrytare, often translated as vacuum switch or vacuum interrupter, is a type of electrical switch that utilizes a vacuum as the insulating medium. This vacuum environment is crucial for its operation, as it allows for the rapid and efficient extinction of the electric arc that forms when the switch opens under load. The arc is essentially a plasma, and in a vacuum, this plasma disperses very quickly, preventing continued current flow.

Vacuumbrytare are commonly used in medium-voltage and high-voltage power distribution systems. They are particularly favored for their reliability, long operational life, and minimal maintenance requirements compared to other types of circuit breakers. The absence of insulating gases or oil means that there is less risk of leakage and environmental contamination. The sealed nature of the vacuum interrupter also makes it resistant to external environmental factors like humidity and dust.

The construction typically involves two contacts enclosed within a vacuum-sealed envelope, usually made of ceramic or glass. When the switch is operated, these contacts move apart, creating the gap where the arc forms. The high dielectric strength of the vacuum prevents arcing across this gap after it has been sufficiently opened. Applications include substations, industrial facilities, and power generation plants.