Uveitt

Uveitt is a term used to describe inflammation of the uvea, which is the middle layer of the eye. The uvea consists of the iris, the ciliary body, and the choroid. Inflammation can affect one or more of these parts. Uveitis can also involve other parts of the eye, such as the retina, vitreous humor, or optic nerve.

The exact cause of uveitis is often unknown, but it can be associated with autoimmune diseases, infections, or trauma to the eye. Autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or sarcoidosis can trigger the body's immune system to attack its own eye tissues. Infections such as toxoplasmosis, herpes, or syphilis can also lead to uveitis. Sometimes, an injury to the eye can initiate an inflammatory response.

Symptoms of uveitis can vary depending on which part of the uvea is affected and the severity of the inflammation. Common symptoms include eye pain, redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light (photophobia), and the appearance of floaters in the field of vision. In some cases, vision loss can occur if left untreated.

Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist, which may include checking vision, assessing eye pressure, and examining the internal structures of the eye using specialized equipment. Blood tests or imaging studies might be performed to identify any underlying systemic conditions.

Treatment for uveitis aims to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, prevent further damage to the eye, and preserve vision. Medications such as corticosteroid eye drops, oral steroids, or other immunosuppressive drugs are commonly prescribed. In some instances, antibiotics or antiviral medications may be needed if an infection is the cause. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing uveitis and minimizing the risk of long-term complications.