Utslippkontrollområder

Utslippkontrollområder, often abbreviated as SECA (Sulphur Emission Control Areas) or ECA (Emission Control Areas), are designated maritime zones where stricter regulations on air pollutant emissions from ships are enforced. These areas are established to reduce the environmental impact of shipping, particularly concerning sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is the primary body responsible for designating and overseeing these zones.

The most common type of emission control area focuses on sulfur content in marine fuels. Ships operating within these SECA zones must use fuels with a significantly lower sulfur concentration than those allowed in open international waters. This typically involves switching to low-sulfur marine gas oil or using exhaust gas cleaning systems, commonly known as scrubbers, to remove sulfur from the exhaust gases before they are released into the atmosphere.

The establishment of SECAs has led to a notable reduction in sulfur emissions from ships, contributing to improved air quality in coastal regions and benefiting public health. NOx emission control areas (NECAs) are also being implemented, targeting nitrogen oxide emissions, which contribute to smog and acid rain. The implementation and enforcement of these regulations require continuous monitoring and compliance by ship operators. The scope and stringency of these control areas are subject to review and potential expansion by the IMO and relevant regional bodies.