Uramessu

Uramessu is a term used in the context of ancient Mesopotamian mythology and literature, particularly in the Epic of Gilgamesh. It refers to a divine entity or a group of deities that are invoked to protect or guide a hero, often in times of crisis or danger. The term is derived from the Akkadian language and is often translated as "the gods" or "the divine ones."

In the Epic of Gilgamesh, Uramessu are invoked by the hero Gilgamesh to aid him in his quest for immortality and to help him overcome various challenges and enemies. They are described as powerful and benevolent entities that can grant favors and blessings to those who seek their aid. The invocation of Uramessu is a central theme in the epic, highlighting the importance of divine intervention in the lives of mortals.

The exact nature and characteristics of Uramessu are not clearly defined in the text, and they are often depicted as a collective force rather than individual deities. This vagueness allows for interpretive flexibility, with different scholars and readers attributing various attributes and roles to Uramessu based on their cultural and literary contexts.

Uramessu are not to be confused with the Anunnaki, another group of deities in Mesopotamian mythology, who are often associated with the creation of humanity and the establishment of divine kingship. While both Uramessu and Anunnaki are invoked for protection and guidance, they serve different functions and have distinct roles in the mythological narratives of ancient Mesopotamia.