Undersgrenar

Undersgrenar are the secondary branches of a woody plant that arise from a larger branch rather than directly from the trunk. They represent a level in the branching hierarchy that lies below the main branches (huvudgrenar) and above twigs. In many Swedish forestry and botanical texts, undersgrenar contribute to canopy structure, leaf area, and fruiting potential.

They develop from latent axillary buds on the sides of larger branches and are influenced by hormonal signals that regulate apical dominance; conditions that reduce dominance—such as pruning, damage, or seasonal changes—can stimulate undersgrenar growth.

Function and form: Depending on species, undersgrenar may be numerous and slender or more robust. They shape crown density, light interception, and mechanical stability. Excessive undersgrenar can increase weight and risk of breakage, while too few may limit photosynthesis or fruit production.

Management and use: In silviculture and horticulture, undersgrenar are targets for pruning to improve light penetration, air circulation, and fruit quality. In training systems like espalier or bush forms, growers may guide undersgrenar to achieve desired aesthetics and yields.

Notes: The exact terminology can vary by region and tradition; some texts may use sidosgrenar for lateral branches instead of undersgrenar. See also: huvudgrenar (main branches).