Umweltfolgenabschätzung

Umweltfolgenabschätzung, often abbreviated as UFP or in English as Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), is a systematic process used to identify, predict, evaluate, and mitigate the potential environmental consequences of proposed projects or developments. It is a planning and decision-making tool designed to ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into the early stages of project development.

The primary goal of UFP is to inform decision-makers and the public about the likely environmental effects of a project, allowing for informed choices and the implementation of measures to avoid, reduce, or compensate for adverse impacts. This process typically involves several key stages, including screening to determine if an assessment is necessary, scoping to define the boundaries and key issues of the assessment, the actual impact assessment which involves data collection and analysis, the preparation of an environmental impact statement or report, and finally, review and public participation.

UFP is a legal requirement in many countries for a wide range of projects, from infrastructure developments like roads and dams to industrial facilities and large-scale land-use changes. The specific procedures and requirements for UFP can vary significantly depending on national legislation and the nature of the project. The ultimate aim is to promote sustainable development by balancing economic and social objectives with environmental protection.