Ultrahangterápia

Ultrahangterápia, also known as therapeutic ultrasound, is a modality used in physical therapy and rehabilitation. It involves the application of high-frequency sound waves to tissues within the body. These sound waves are typically above the range of human hearing, usually between 0.8 and 3.0 megahertz. The therapeutic effects are believed to be achieved through two primary mechanisms: thermal and non-thermal.

The thermal effects of ultrasound occur when the sound waves are absorbed by tissues, causing them to vibrate and generate heat. This generated heat can increase blood flow, reduce pain and muscle spasms, and promote tissue healing by increasing metabolic activity and elasticity. This is often used for conditions involving chronic pain or stiffness.

The non-thermal effects are associated with mechanical vibrations caused by the sound waves. These mechanical forces can stimulate cellular activity, such as increasing cell membrane permeability and promoting the movement of fluids and waste products within tissues. This is thought to aid in the healing of acute injuries and reduce inflammation.

Ultrahangterápia is applied using a transducer, often called a probe, which is moved over the skin in a circular or stroking motion. A coupling gel is used to ensure good contact between the transducer and the skin, as air can impede the transmission of sound waves. The intensity, frequency, and duration of the treatment are adjusted based on the specific condition being treated and the patient's tolerance. It is typically used for conditions like soft tissue injuries, joint pain, and scar tissue mobilization.