Ultrafiltratsioonihäirete

Ultrafiltratsioonihäirete is a medical term referring to complications or problems that arise during the ultrafiltration process. Ultrafiltration is a technique used in various medical settings, most notably in dialysis, to remove excess fluid and waste products from the blood. It's a crucial part of maintaining fluid balance and purifying the blood when the kidneys are unable to perform these functions effectively.

When ultrafiltration is performed, either through hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, the goal is to precisely remove a specific amount of fluid. Ultrafiltratsioonihäirete can occur when this process doesn't go as planned. These issues can manifest in several ways. One common problem is inadequate fluid removal, meaning not enough fluid is taken out, leading to fluid overload in the patient. This can cause symptoms like swelling, shortness of breath, and high blood pressure. Conversely, excessive fluid removal, known as over-ultrafiltration, can lead to dehydration, hypotension (low blood pressure), and cramping.

Other complications related to ultrafiltration can include membrane dysfunction, where the filter used in the process becomes clogged or damaged, reducing its efficiency. Issues with the dialysis machine's ability to accurately control the pressure gradients necessary for ultrafiltration can also lead to problems. Furthermore, patient-specific factors, such as changes in blood composition or vascular access issues, can indirectly impact the effectiveness and safety of the ultrafiltration process. Prompt recognition and management of ultrafiltratsioonihäirete are essential to ensure patient safety and optimize treatment outcomes.