Türkçenin

Türkçenin is the genitive form of Türkçe, the Turkish language. In Turkish, Türkçe means Turkish or the Turkish language, and Türkçenin appears in phrases denoting possession, such as Türkçenin grameri (the grammar of Turkish). The term is not a separate language; this article concerns Türkçe.

The Turkish language belongs to the Turkic language family, in the Oghuz branch that also includes Azerbaijani and Turkmen. Modern Turkish (Türkiye Türkçesi) is standardized for education, media, and administration, drawing on Anatolian dialects, especially from Istanbul and Ankara. Its literary history begins with Old Anatolian Turkish in the medieval period and reaches the contemporary standard in the 20th century reforms.

Turkish is an agglutinative language with extensive suffixation and vowel harmony. The typical word order is subject–object–verb, and it has a robust case system but no grammatical gender. Verbs encode tense, aspect, mood, negation, and voice through suffixes; auxiliary verbs and participles provide additional nuance.

The modern Turkish writing system is Latin-based, introduced in 1928 as part of a literacy reform. The Turkish alphabet has 29 letters, including ç, ğ, ö, ş, ı, and ü. Spelling is largely phonemic, and diacritics help distinguish sounds distinct from neighboring languages.

Dialects are numerous, but standard Turkish is widely taught and used in education, media, and government. Turkish has absorbed loanwords from Persian, Arabic, French, Italian, and English, reflecting historical contact and modernization. It is spoken by tens of millions as a native language, with a substantial global diaspora.