Tändvinkeln

Tändvinkeln, often translated as ignition timing or spark timing, is a crucial parameter in internal combustion engines that dictates when the spark plug ignites the fuel-air mixture in the cylinder. The precise moment of ignition significantly impacts engine performance, fuel efficiency, and emissions.

In a spark-ignition engine, the tändvinkel is typically expressed in degrees before top dead center (BTDC) of the piston's stroke. As the engine speed increases, the time available for combustion decreases, and therefore, the tändvinkel usually needs to be advanced (ignited earlier) to ensure optimal combustion by the time the piston reaches the bottom of its power stroke. Conversely, at lower engine speeds or under heavy load, the tändvinkel may be retarded (ignited later) to prevent knocking or detonation.

The optimal tändvinkel is determined by various factors including engine design, fuel octane rating, air-fuel ratio, engine load, and temperature. Modern engines utilize sophisticated electronic control units (ECUs) that continuously monitor these parameters and adjust the tändvinkel in real-time to achieve the best balance of power, economy, and emissions. Incorrect tändvinkel settings can lead to reduced power, increased fuel consumption, engine overheating, and potential engine damage.