Turbokompresorius

Turbokompresorius, commonly known as a turbocharger, is a forced induction device that increases an internal combustion engine's efficiency and power output. It consists of a turbine and a compressor arranged on a common shaft. The turbine is driven by the engine's exhaust gases, which would otherwise be wasted. As the exhaust gases flow through the turbine, they spin the shaft. Connected to this shaft is the compressor, which draws in ambient air, compresses it, and then forces it into the engine's cylinders.

This increased air pressure allows more fuel to be injected into the cylinders, resulting in a more powerful combustion and thus, a higher power output from the engine. Turbokompresoriai are widely used in automotive engines, both gasoline and diesel, as well as in aviation and marine applications. They offer advantages such as improved fuel economy and reduced emissions compared to naturally aspirated engines of similar power output.

However, turbokompresoriai also introduce some complexities. The turbine's operation is dependent on exhaust gas flow, meaning boost pressure is not immediately available at low engine RPMs. This can lead to a phenomenon known as "turbo lag." Various technologies, such as variable geometry turbos (VGT) and twin-scroll turbos, have been developed to minimize turbo lag and improve engine response. Turbokompresoriai require robust engine components due to the increased pressures and temperatures they generate.