Tuletõkkesektsioonid

Tuletõkkesektsioonid, also known as fire compartments, are integral elements in building design intended to control the spread of fire and smoke. Their primary purpose is to subdivide a building into smaller, enclosed areas that are designed to contain a fire for a specified period. This containment allows occupants time to evacuate safely and provides a window for firefighters to respond and extinguish the blaze.

The effectiveness of a tuletõkkesektsioon relies on the integrity of its enclosing elements, which typically include fire-resistant walls, floors, and ceilings. These elements are constructed from materials that have been tested and certified to withstand fire for a certain duration, often rated in minutes (e.g., EI 30, EI 60, EI 90, indicating resistance to integrity and insulation for 30, 60, or 90 minutes, respectively). Penetrations through these fire-rated elements, such as those for pipes, cables, or ventilation ducts, must also be protected with appropriate firestopping materials to maintain the compartment's integrity.

Doors within fire compartments are a critical component and must also be fire-rated and equipped with self-closing devices. This ensures that the compartment remains sealed even when the door is opened. Ventilation systems are often designed with fire dampers that automatically close upon detecting smoke or high temperatures, preventing the passage of fire and smoke through the ductwork.

The concept of fire compartments is mandated by building codes and regulations in many countries. The size and number of compartments required depend on various factors, including the building's occupancy type, size, height, and the overall fire risk assessment. Regular inspection and maintenance of all fire compartmentation elements are crucial to ensure their continued effectiveness throughout the building's lifespan.