Tu160s

The Tu-160, designated by NATO as Blackjack, is a large Russian strategic bomber developed by Tupolev. It is among the heaviest combat aircraft ever built and features a variable-geometry wing that can sweep back for high-speed flight or extend for longer-range performance. The aircraft is designed for long-range missions, capable of delivering both nuclear and conventional weapons, and relies on in-flight refueling for intercontinental reach.

Development and design: The Tu-160 first flew in 1968 and entered service with the Soviet Air Forces in the 1980s. It is powered by four large turbojet engines and employs a swept-wing design that enables supersonic speed with a substantial payload. The airframe supports a substantial weapons bay and external hardpoints, allowing a mix of gravity bombs and air-launched cruise missiles, including updates to the Kh-55/Kh-101 family. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, production ended and many airframes were placed in reserve or retired, but a portion remained in service with Russia.

Variants and modernization: Russia has pursued modernization programs to extend the Tu-160’s service life and capabilities. Notable modernized versions include the Tu-160MS and the Tu-160M2, which feature upgraded avionics, improved engines or propulsion integration, and compatibility with newer missiles and precision guidance systems. These upgrades aim to restore the fleet’s operational relevance and extend its deterrence role.

Operational status: As of the 2020s, a segment of the Tu-160 fleet remains in service with the Russian Aerospace Forces. The aircraft continues to perform strategic deterrence duties, with ongoing modernization efforts to maintain its ability to carry a diverse payload and operate at extended ranges.