Transzudáttal

Transzudáttal refers to a transudate, which is a serous fluid that passes through a membrane or other semipermeable barrier. This type of fluid is characterized by its low protein and low specific gravity content, typically less than 1.012. Transudates are generally colorless or pale yellow and are formed due to imbalances in hydrostatic and oncotic pressures across the membrane, rather than inflammation.

The accumulation of transudate in body cavities is often referred to as a transudative effusion. Common sites for transudative effusions include the pleural space (pleural effusion), the peritoneal cavity (ascites), and the pericardial sac (pericardial effusion). This fluid buildup occurs when there is a systemic cause that alters capillary permeability or pressure gradients.

Key conditions associated with transudate formation include heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and nephrotic syndrome. In heart failure, increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries forces fluid out. Cirrhosis leads to reduced oncotic pressure due to decreased albumin synthesis and also increased hydrostatic pressure in the portal system. Nephrotic syndrome results in significant protein loss in the urine, lowering serum oncotic pressure. Differentiating transudates from exudates, which are formed due to inflammation and have higher protein content, is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. Analysis of fluid characteristics, such as protein and lactate dehydrogenase levels, helps in this distinction.