Tourismusökonomie

Tourismusökonomie, also known as tourism economics, is a subfield of economics that examines the economic aspects of tourism. It analyzes how travel and leisure activities create economic value, influence demand and supply, and interact with other sectors such as hospitality, transportation, and real estate.

Key concepts include tourism demand analysis, where economists study factors that motivate individuals and groups to travel, such as income, price, tourism marketing, and social trends. Supply side research focuses on the production of tourism services, including accommodation, attractions, food and beverage, and transport. Pricing strategies, including price discrimination and dynamic pricing, are also a central topic. The role of tourism in regional and national economic development is examined through indicators such as GDP contributions, employment, and investment attraction.

Tourism economics also deals with multipliers, spill-over effects, and externalities. Positive externalities such as cultural exchange and infrastructure improvements are weighed against negative externalities like congestion, environmental degradation, and seasonal employment instability. Policy issues addressed include incentives for tourism development, tax structures, infrastructure subsidies, and regulation of foreign investment in the tourism sector.

Academic research in the field draws from econometric modelling, data from national statistics, international tourism agencies, and case studies of specific destinations. Many universities offer specialized courses and degree programs in tourism economics, and professional bodies such as the International Council of Tourism Research provide guidelines and research initiatives. The discipline continues to evolve as global travel patterns change and new technologies, sustainability concerns, and health crises influence tourist behavior and industry strategies.